Mill fob grinding sumac



PA, W. S. J. JpHENCI-. MILL FOR GRINDING SUMAG.

Patented Jan. 2.41, 1854-,

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

PETER HENCH, W. S. HENCH, AND J. J. BENCH, OF PORT ROYAL, PENNSYLVANIA.

MILL FOR GRINDING SUMAC.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 10,452, dated January 24, 1854.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that we, PETER HENGH, W. S. IIENCH, and J. J. HENCH, of Port Royal, in the county of Juniata and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Modes of Grinding Sumac, and that the following` is a full, clear, and exact description of the principle or character which distinguishes it from all other things before known and of the usual manner of making, modifying, and using the same.

Much diiiiculty has heretofore been eX- perienced in grinding sumac for the market to reduce it to fine impalpable powder, and assort the different qualities, and grind it tine enough; and it has always been attended with great loss, filling the mill with dust, and making the labor of attending it very great; and by all the apparatus heretofore used, a small quantity could be ground, compared to the power expended, so that eight or nine hundred pounds a day was all that could be effected in one machine, requiring the constant labor of a man, while in our machine, with less expenditure, of power, more than double the work can be accomplished with the attention of a boy only a part of the time, and entirely removing the annoyance of dust.; and further, the material has never been ground to the quality of the Sicily sumac, which brings about eighty dollars per ton, while the American article often sells for forty, from its inferior manufacture.

Our apparatus employed is constructed as follows:

An outer case (a) is made of cylindrical form above, but with its under side projected downward, and gathered toward a spout or spout-s (b) below, within the cylindrical part of this outer shell or case, there is a door (0'), and on the top an oblong opening (e), to introduce the material to be ground into the inner cylinder and a pipe (d) also for introducing the material down to the center of the cylinder (ai) and into an inner cylinder (e) concentric with the circle of the outer case. Within the case is the above named cylinder, marked (e) it turns on a horizontal shaft (f) in bearings (f) in the case, driven by any power convenient. This inner cylinder (e) is constructed as follows-there are a series of stout stares (c) affixed to the two heads of the cylinder, with spans about equal to their breadth between them; these are lined with an entire cylinder of sheet iron, in which, between the stavcs, holes are punched for a purpose to be presently described. These staves can be grooved, and receive others when required between them, which we call slip-staves; when said slip-staves are inserted, the cylinder is entirely closed at one point, when a slip stave (c) can be removed, leaving a long aperture (c2) into the interior of the cylinder for charging it; within this cylinder are spikes, or small projections inserted at the points where the permanent staves are; and between the perforated iron portions there is a cylindrical roller (f2) placed within the cylinder, armed also with small projecting points, and having a projecting tlanch upon which it rolls; this roller -eX- tends from end to end of the cylinder, and serves to grind the sumac which is placed therein, the finer portions of which are constantly sifted out through the openings between the staves. In this operation the finest and Vbest portion is first ground and sifted out, and can be collected separately; then the next quality, and so on; the coarsest and most inferior being ground last; and finally, the thick wood fiber is emptied out, and sold to tanners. Around this cylinder (e) we can form another (g), which is close, and revolves with it on the same shaft; in this outer cylinder we place a number of iron balls, weighing say some 7 5 lbs. more or less, there being sufficient space between the two to permit them freely to pass; this outer cylinder receives the powdered sumac as it is sifted through from the inner one, and there it is ground to a fine powder by the balls, when it is discharged, fit for use.

A modification of this mill shown in the reduced figures is to place the close cylinder on another shaft, and conveying the coarsely powdered material into it by elevators. le do not claim the grinding by balls as that has long been known but not in conjunction with a roller in the manufacture of sumac, which is necessary to detach and partially pulverize and sift the material before carrying it to the balls.

that We desire to Secure by Letters Pat.-

ent i5- The employment of u cylinder (e) having projecting points or teeth on its internal 5 surface with a roller having heads on its ends en Whieh it rolls und is kept above Said teeth, said roller also having teeth projecting from its Surface interlocking With those first named on the Cylinder by which the 10 better portions ot' the ennuie are beaten Off and passing through the apertures in the cylinder enter another Where they are ground fine as described.

PETER HENCH. WY. S. BENCH. J. J. HENCH.

litnesses DAVID MCKYNSTRY, VILLIAM GEORGE. 

